The NavChair Assistive Wheelchair Navigation System is being developed to reduce the cognitive and physical requirements of operating a power wheelchair for people with wide ranging impairments that limit their access to powered mobility. Increasing population fatness could have the same implications for world food energy demands as an extra half a billion people living on the earth. If all countries had the BMI distribution of the USA, the increase in human biomass of 58 million tonnes would be equivalent in mass to an extra 935 million people of average body mass, and have energy requirements equivalent to that of 473 million adults. One tonne of human biomass corresponds to approximately 12 adults in North America and 17 adults in Asia. Asia has 61% of the world population but 13% of biomass due to obesity. North America has 6% of the world population but 34% of biomass due to obesity.
Biomass due to obesity was 3.5 million tonnes, the mass equivalent of 56 million people of average body mass (1.2% of human biomass). In 2005, global adult human biomass was approximately 287 million tonnes, of which 15 million tonnes were due to overweight (BMI > 25), a mass equivalent to that of 242 million people of average body mass (5% of global human biomass). We estimated the percentage of the population that is overweight (BMI > 25) and obese (BMI > 30) and the biomass due to overweight and obesity. We calculated total biomass as the product of population size and average body mass. We estimate global human biomass, its distribution by region and the proportion of biomass due to overweight and obesity.įor each country we used data on body mass index (BMI) and height distribution to estimate average adult body mass.
Regarding human populations, although considerable attention is given to estimating the number of people, much less is given to estimating average mass, despite evidence that average body mass is increasing. The energy requirement of species at each trophic level in an ecological pyramid is a function of the number of organisms and their average mass.
#Wheelchair transporter software
Software development was done in JavaScript / ECMA Script, applying node.js.
#Wheelchair transporter Pc
The developed platform is based on a Quad Core ARM Mini PC GK802 running Ubuntu Linux and an Arduino UNO Microcontroller. The platform was also clinically tested, providing promising results of cloud-based speech recognition for further implementation. Measured latencies ranged from 0.4s to 1.3s. The speech-controlled system latency was measured as well as the latency when the control is provided via touch on a so-called smart device. The accuracy of the speech recognition system was estimated as ranging from approximately 60% to up to 97%, dependent on the speaker.
#Wheelchair transporter full size
Development was done in two phases: first, a small, initial prototype was developed and, second, a full size prototype was build. In addition to the voice control, a GUI is implemented, which works in a web browser as well as on mobile devices providing live video streaming. The description of the cloud-based wheelchair control system is provided. The control of the platform is implemented using a low-cost WebKit Speech API in the cloud. This paper describes the development of a prototype speech-controlled cloud-based wheelchair platform. The developed system finds its direct application in transporting people with locomotor disability, geriatric population as well as an indoor navigation vehicle. A neural network classifier classifies the user intention and maps the intention to wheelchair motion. Myoelectric signals from forearm muscles are processed to extract some features for seven different wheelchair motion namely forward, backward, left, right, clock-wise and anticlockwise turn and stop. Developed system is driven by holonomic drive system, exploring greater maneuverability compared to conventional powered wheelchairs. This paper deals with the development of a 4 wheeled omnidirectional wheelchair and its control using a myoelectric user intention interface. There is a demand for developing powered wheelchairs with intelligent control to suit wide range of application in the field of assistive technology. Smart electric wheelchairs are becoming a natural substitute of the conventional wheelchairs as an assitive device for geriatric population and patients suffering from mobility disorders.
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